How Larazotide works
An oral gut-barrier peptide with mixed celiac results and a stopped phase 3 trial.
Also called: Larazotide acetate, AT-1001, AT1001, INN-202, NM-001.
Gut peptides · Oral tight-junction regulator; proposed zonulin-pathway antagonist.
It acts inside the gut, where it may help keep the seals between lining cells closed. Cell studies show changes in the proteins that form these seals. The exact receptor mechanism is still debated.
- Tight-junction proteins and actin: Promotes assembly of the seals between gut-lining cells in laboratory models.
- Proposed zonulin/PAR2 pathway: May reduce signals that loosen the gut barrier; the precise molecular target is not settled.
Half-life: Human blood half-life is not established; drug levels were too low to quantify in oral trials.
Related to Larazotide
- BPC-157: An experimental repair peptide with mostly animal evidence and a few small human reports.
- KPV: An alpha-MSH fragment studied for gut inflammation in animals, with no human dosing trial.
Sources
- 503B Bulk Drug Substances List, FDA · FDA · 2026
- Bulk Drug Substances Nominated for Use in Compounding Under Section 503A of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, FDA · FDA · 2026
- Bulk Drug Substances Used in Compounding, FDA · 2026
- Medicines, European Medicines Agency · European Medicines Agency · 2026
- Peptide products, Therapeutic Goods Administration · TGA · 2026
- Pyrogen and Endotoxins Testing: Questions and Answers, FDA · 2026
- Risks of buying peptide products online, Therapeutic Goods Administration · 2026
- The 2026 Prohibited List, World Anti-Doping Agency · WADA · 2026
- Understanding the Risks of Compounded Drugs, FDA · 2026
- Bulk Drug Substances Nominated for Use in Compounding Under Section 503B of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, FDA · FDA · 2025
- Darmerica, LLC - 716152 - 12/08/2025, FDA · FDA · 2025
- Supply unlicensed medicinal products (specials), MHRA · 2025
- American College of Gastroenterology Guidelines Update: Diagnosis and Management of Celiac Disease., Rubio-Tapia A et al. · The American journal of gastroenterology · 2023
- Anaphylaxis, NHS · NHS · 2023
- Stomach ache, NHS · 2023
Sources checked: 2026-10-18.
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