Ipamorelin: research
An experimental peptide that triggers growth hormone release.
Also called: NNC 26-0161, NNC-26-0161.
Growth hormone secretagogues (ghrelin receptor) · Ghrelin receptor agonist and growth hormone secretagogue.
Five human research records, two from registries only, plus two reports to FDA. The published bowel-surgery trial found no clear benefit; a review includes the same trial.
Studies
- First human IV dose study. pk-study, n=40, Healthy men. IV ipamorelin produced a brief GH pulse; it did not test a chronic wellness regimen. (source)
- Bowel surgery: 0.03 mg/kg. rct, n=117, Adults after open or laparoscopic small/large bowel resection. The main and secondary efficacy analyses did not show a significant benefit. (source)
- Second bowel-surgery trial. rct, n=320, Adults after open partial bowel resection. A larger completed dose-finding trial remains a major unpublished-results gap. (source)
- Nasal exposure for doping analysis. single-arm, n=1, One volunteer exposed to ipamorelin. This documents human nasal exposure, not a clinical-use schedule. (source)
- Veterans: mixed-treatment cohort. cohort, n=52, Special Operations Forces veterans with PTSD and cognitive symptoms. A registered mixed-treatment cohort provides no isolated ipamorelin outcome evidence. (source)
- Nasal headache report. case-report, n=1, 32-year-old man. Headache and watery eyes; product quality was questioned. (source)
- Joint pain with sermorelin stack. case-report, n=1, 46-year-old man. Elbow joint pain partly improved after stopping; attribution to either peptide is unclear. (source)
- Original receptor and selectivity work. animal, Rat cells, rats and conscious swine. Animal hormone selectivity cannot establish long-term human safety. (source)
- Nasal absorption in rats. animal, Male rats. The commonly quoted nasal absorption percentage is animal data. (source)
- Postoperative bowel model in rodents. animal, Rodent model of postoperative ileus. The animal bowel signal did not predict a significant benefit in the published human trial. (source)
- Bowel-recovery network review. meta-analysis, n=6371, 38 abdominal-surgery RCTs across multiple drugs. The broad network review supplies no new independent ipamorelin trial. (source)
Ipamorelin dosage
Typical reported dose: 100–200 mcg at bedtime, often with CJC no DAC
- IV PK: about 3 mcg/kg: 4.21 nmol/kg IV over 15 minutes; no titration. once in a single-dose cohort, into a vein. Studied in a trial. Studied in: Adults in the cited study. (source)
- IV PK: about 10 mcg/kg: 14.02 nmol/kg IV over 15 minutes; no titration. once in a single-dose cohort, into a vein. Studied in a trial. Studied in: Adults in the cited study. (source)
- IV PK: about 30 mcg/kg: 42.13 nmol/kg IV over 15 minutes; no titration. once in a single-dose cohort, into a vein. Studied in a trial. Studied in: Adults in the cited study. (source)
- IV PK: about 60 mcg/kg: 84.27 nmol/kg IV over 15 minutes; no titration. once in a single-dose cohort, into a vein. Studied in a trial. Studied in: Adults in the cited study. (source)
- IV PK: about 100 mcg/kg: 140.45 nmol/kg IV over 15 minutes; no titration. once in a single-dose cohort, into a vein. Studied in a trial. Studied in: Adults in the cited study. (source)
- Bowel surgery: IV twice daily: 0.03 mg/kg IV twice daily on postoperative days 1-7, or until discharge. twice daily, into a vein. Studied in a trial. Studied in: Adults in the cited study. (source)
These are doses reported in labels, trials or user reports, not a personal plan. Check the source behind each one.
Ipamorelin side effects and risks
Reported side effects
- High blood sugar: 14.3% with ipamorelin versus 8.6% placebo at discharge., moderate (source)
- Low potassium: 12.5% versus 3.4% in postoperative patients., moderate (source)
- Insomnia: 10.7% versus 5.2% in the bowel surgery trial., mild (source)
- Serious postoperative events: 17.9% versus 15.5%; two active arm deaths. Surgery and illness confound cause., serious (source)
- Nausea, vomiting and bloating: unknown, moderate (source)
- Immune or allergic reaction: unknown, serious (source)
Stop and get help if
- Trouble breathing, tongue swelling, fainting or widespread hives: Stop and get emergency care now.
- Sudden severe headache, new vision loss or repeated vomiting: Get emergency assessment now; a pituitary or pressure problem must be excluded.
- Chest pain, severe breathlessness or collapse: Call emergency services now.
- Persistent severe abdominal pain or repeated vomiting: Stop and get urgent medical assessment.
- Confusion, seizure, or low blood sugar that does not resolve: Get emergency help now; do not drive.
- Fever with a hot, spreading, painful injection site: Get urgent care for a possible injection infection.
Who should avoid it
- pregnant: Avoid during pregnancy. Reproductive safety is unstudied; this screen is precautionary.
- breastfeeding: Avoid while breastfeeding. Human infant exposure and safety are unknown.
- tryingToConceive: Avoid while trying to conceive. Human fertility and early-pregnancy safety are unknown.
- under18: Historical child studies do not support unsupervised use in minors.
- activeCancer: GH and IGF-1 are growth signals. Avoid with active cancer; this applies GH-treatment precautions to secretagogues.
- cancerHistory: Prior cancer needs a clinician review before raising GH or IGF-1. Recurrence risk with this compound is unknown.
- diabetes: GH-related changes can worsen insulin sensitivity. Review blood sugar control and medicines.
- heartCondition: Fluid retention may strain the heart. Heart-disease safety is not established for home-use schedules.
- uncontrolledBloodPressure: Review uncontrolled blood pressure before use. Fluid retention and pressure changes need assessment.
- kidneyDisease: Kidney-disease dose adjustments and repeated-dose safety are not established.
- liverDisease: Liver-disease dose adjustments and repeated-dose safety are not established.
- diabeticRetinopathy: Review proliferative eye disease before raising GH or IGF-1. This is a GH-class precaution.
- pancreatitisHistory: Review prior pancreatitis. GH-class safety concerns do not establish a risk rate for this compound.
- sleepApnea: Review sleep apnea and new swelling. GH-related tissue or fluid changes are a class concern.
- surgeryPlanned: Tell the surgical team about use and all stacks. Perioperative safety depends on the specific study setting.
- testedAthlete: WADA bans this compound at all times, including out of competition.
- other: Do not add a GH secretagogue when GH or IGF-1 is already excessive. Investigate the cause.
- other: A pituitary mass needs specialist review. GH testing and GH-raising drugs are not interchangeable.
Interactions
- Insulin and sulfonylureas: GH-class precaution: insulin sensitivity and medicine needs can change. Exact interaction trials for this peptide are lacking.
- Other GH secretagogues, GH, and IGF-1: Overlapping GH/IGF-1 effects can add hormone, swelling and blood sugar risks. Combination benefit is not established.
- Glucocorticoids and oral estrogen: These can change GH responses or IGF-1 interpretation. Do not change prescribed hormone replacement to alter a peptide response.
- Anticoagulants and antiplatelets: General injection precaution: blood thinners increase bleeding/bruising risk. A direct interaction with this peptide has not been established.
Product quality risks
- Unregulated products may have the wrong identity, dose or sterility. A purity percentage alone cannot establish injection safety.
- Studies identified glycine-modified GHRP-2, GHRP-6 and ipamorelin in black-market or seized preparations.
- No representative market-wide contamination or underdosing rate was found for this compound.
How Ipamorelin works
It turns on the ghrelin receptor, which helps the pituitary release growth hormone. GH can then raise IGF-1, a growth signal. A larger hormone pulse does not prove better strength, recovery or longer life.
- GHS-R1a, the ghrelin receptor: Prompts GH release through the brain and pituitary.
- GH / IGF-1 pathway: Can increase growth signals; lasting benefits depend on the compound and schedule.
Half-life: About 2 hours after IV infusion in healthy men; this does not establish subcutaneous kinetics.
Gaps: No FDA or EMA label, proven wellness benefit, or validated repeated SC dose was found. The 320-person bowel trial has no posted results; per-arm outcomes and harms remain unavailable. No validated human nasal bioavailability, SC half-life or home-vial storage window was found. Long-term cancer, heart, reproductive and metabolic risks remain poorly measured.
Related to Ipamorelin
- MK-677 (ibutamoren): This experimental oral drug raises growth hormone and IGF-1; risks include high blood sugar and swelling.
- GHRP-2: A peptide that releases growth hormone and can increase hunger.
- GHRP-6: A peptide studied in growth hormone tests and an experimental stroke combination.
- Hexarelin: A peptide that releases growth hormone; repeated use can weaken the response.
- Tirzepatide: A weekly GIP/GLP-1 injection with strong diabetes and weight-loss evidence and common stomach side effects.
- BPC-157: An experimental repair peptide with mostly animal evidence and a few small human reports.
Sources
- 503B Bulk Drug Substances List, FDA · FDA · 2026
- Bulk Drug Substances Used in Compounding Under Section 503A of the FD&C Act, FDA · FDA · 2026
- Certain Bulk Drug Substances for Use in Compounding that May Present Significant Safety Risks, FDA · FDA · 2026
- Find product information about medicines, Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency · MHRA · 2026
- Peptide products, Therapeutic Goods Administration · TGA · 2026
- The 2026 Prohibited List, World Anti-Doping Agency · WADA · 2026
- Therapeutic Goods (Poisons Standard—October 2026) Instrument 2026, Australian Government · Australian Government · 2026
- Think twice before injecting peptides bought online: unauthorized products can seriously harm you, Health Canada · Health Canada · 2026
- Bulk Drug Substances Nominated for Use in Compounding Under Section 503B of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, FDA · FDA · 2025
- GENOTROPIN® (somatropin) for injection, for subcutaneous use, FDA · 2025
- 注射用GHRP科研100, PMDA · 2025
- October 29, 2024 Meeting of the Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee, FDA · 2024
- October 29, 2024 Meeting of the Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee, FDA · 2024
- October 29, 2024 Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee (PCAC) Meeting, FDA · 2024
- Using intramuscular injections in people on oral anticoagulants, NHS Specialist Pharmacy Service · NHS Specialist Pharmacy Service · 2023
Sources checked: 2026-10-18.
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